Tien and Jim
Your Real Estate Partners
Debt Coverage Ratio
Also known as Debt Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR). The debt coverage ratio is
a widely used benchmark which measures an income producing property's ability
to cover the monthly mortgage payments. The DCR is calculated by dividing the
net operating income (NOI) by a properties annual debt service. Annual debt
service equals the annual total of all interest and principal paid for all loans on a
property. A debt coverage ratio of less than 1 indicates that the income generated
by a property is insufficient to cover the mortgage payments and operating expenses.
For example, a DCR of .9 indicates a negative income. There is only enough income
available after paying operating expenses to pay 90% of the annual mortgage payments
or debt service. A property with a DCR of 1.25 generates 1.25 times as much annual
income as the annual debt service on the property. In this example, the property
creates 25% more income (NOI) than is required to cover the annual debt service.
Example: We are considering buying an investment property with a net operating
income of $24,000 and annual debt service of $20,000. The DCR for this property
would be equal to 1.2. This means that it generates 20% more annual net operating
income than is required to cover the annual mortgage payment amount.
Net Operating Income $24,000
Debt Coverage Ratio = ------------------------------ = ----------- = 1.2
Annual Debt Service $20,000
Many lending institutions require a minimum debt coverage ratio value to procure
a loan for income producing properties. DCR requirements for lending institutions
may vary from as low as 1.1 to as high as 1.35. From a lending institutions
perspective, the higher the DCR value, the more income there is available to cover
the debt service and thus the less the risk.
Net Operating Income (NOI) is calculated as follows.
Income
Gross Rents Possible 35,000
Other Income 2,000
Total Gross Income 37,000
Less Vacancy Amount 3,000
Gross Operating Income 34,000
Less Operating Expenses 10,000
Net Operating Income 24,000
Operating Expenses include the following items; advertising, insurance,
maintenance, property taxes, property management, repairs, supplies, etc.
Lenders use the debt coverage ratio to determine if an income producing property
has sufficient income to cover the operating expenses and debt service. To acquire
a loan for an income producing property, the debt coverage ratio must usually be
greater than 1.1 and most lenders require a debt service coverage ratio greater
than 1.2.